2024 jastp (Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics) agu ads article report on 02/04/2025 13:54:02


cdaweb was referenced in 7 papers
spdf was referenced in 5 papers
space physics data facility was referenced in 2 papers
omni was referenced in 12 papers
omni2 was referenced in 1 papers
omni-2 was referenced in 2 papers
omniweb was referenced in 16 papers
ftpbrowser was referenced in 0 papers
helioweb was referenced in 0 papers
atmoweb was referenced in 0 papers
modelweb was referenced in 0 papers
sscweb was referenced in 0 papers
cohoweb was referenced in 0 papers
gifwalk was referenced in 0 papers
gif_walk was referenced in 0 papers
iri was referenced in 12 papers
international reference ionosphere was referenced in 8 papers
tipsod was referenced in 0 papers
hdp was referenced in 0 papers
heliophysics data portal was referenced in 0 papers
vitmo was referenced in 0 papers
hdrl was referenced in 0 papers
heliophysics digital resource library was referenced in 0 papers
heliocloud was referenced in 0 papers

30 of 164 possible papers ( 18% ) contained references to SPDF keywords

Authors=Syiemlieh, Rissnalin; Saikia, Eeshankur
Title=Can cloud images help in predicting geomagnetic storms?, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106186, ID=27118527
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:spdf, omni, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We appreciate Joe King and Natalia Papitashvili of NASA/SPDF for making the OMNI 2 data and the public database of the OMNIWeb service available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We appreciate Joe King and Natalia Papitashvili of NASA/SPDF for making the OMNI 2 data and the public database of the OMNIWeb service available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We appreciate Joe King and Natalia Papitashvili of NASA/SPDF for making the OMNI 2 data and the public database of the OMNIWeb service available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We appreciate Joe King and Natalia Papitashvili of NASA/SPDF for making the OMNI 2 data and the public database of the OMNIWeb service available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We appreciate Joe King and Natalia Papitashvili of NASA/SPDF for making the OMNI 2 data and the public database of the OMNIWeb service available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html . The cloud data can be found at https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/mod06.php .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Multi-Fractal Analysis is a strong tool for the study of geometrical patterns formed as a result of nonlinear dynamical processes which is described in detail in Section 3 , the results and relevant discussion are given in Section 4 and lastly, a conclusion is drawn from our analysis in Section 5 . 2 Data Solar and Geomagnetic indices were retrieved from NASA archived ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the data on the website are combined data from Advance Composition Explorer (ACE), Wind Scapecraft, IMP 8 and Geotail, having data starting from 1-min time resolution.

Authors=Klipp, Telmo dos Santos; Petry, Adriano; de Campos Velho, Haroldo Fraga
Title=Improvement of topside ionosphere and plasmasphere estimation in ionospheric simulation system, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106202, ID=27285690
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:iri
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The modeled scale height H T is dependent on height h , h m F 2 , and the empirical parameter H 0 , being defined as: where H 0 can be obtained using a mapping function which was fitted considering electron densities measurements probed between December 2013 and September 2018 by Swarm A, B, and C satellites from European Space Agencys Swarm mission ( Friis-Christensen et al., 2006 ), and formulated as ( Pezzopane and Pignalberi, 2019 ): The H 0 , A C and H 0 , B values were calculated by forcing NeQuick topside formulation to fit an anchor point relation between IRI UP ( Pignalberi et al., 2018a,b ) modeled values and Swarm A and C (for H 0 , A C ), or Swarm B (for H 0 , B ) electron density measurements ( Pezzopane and Pignalberi, 2019 ).

Authors=Ahmed, Junaid; Shah, Munawar; Iqbal, Talat; Shah, Muhammad Ali; Amin, Ayaz
Title=Study of the ionospheric precursors associated with M w >=6.0EQ from Ionosonde Stations and GIM TEC, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106205, ID=27317098
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omni, iri
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), OMNI web, ISGI and Kyoto University Japan for providing the EQ data, Kp index and Dst index, respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), OMNI web, ISGI and Kyoto University Japan for providing the EQ data, Kp index and Dst index, respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data are further calibrated with IRI models to remove the bais and various noises, as per the previous paper of Shahzad et al. (2021) .

Authors=Balan, N.; Zhang, Qing-He; Ram, S. Tulasi; Shiokawa, K.; Manu, V.; Xing, Zan-Yang
Title=How to identify and forecast severe space weather events, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106183, ID=27458901
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind-IMF data for the Quebec SvSW event of 1989 are obtained from the IMP-8 (interplanetary monitoring platform) satellite data available at ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pre_istp/ ). The solar wind and IMF data for the other 3 SvSW events prior to 1998 such as the Carrington event of 1859 and the events in 1958 and 1972 are obtained from the literature ( Zastenker et al., 1978 ; Cliver et al., 1990 ; Cliver and Svalgaard, 2004 ; Tsurutani et al., 2003 ; Skoug et al., 2004 ; Webb and Allen, 2004 ; Terasawa et al., 2005 ; Newell et al., 2007 ).

Authors=Wu, Qian; Wang, Wenbin; Lin, Dong; Huang, Chaosong; Zhang, Yongliang
Title=Penetrating electric field during the Nov 3-4, 2021 geomagnetic storm, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.10621910.1002/essoar.10512939.1, ID=27466690
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The MAGE provides high latitude input every 5s. MAGE model was driven by CDAWeb OMNI database 1-min resolution data. The TIEGCM model was set with 1.25 deg resolution in latitude and longitude and 0.25 vertical scale height with 5s step size matching the GAMERA input.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =MAGE model was driven by CDAWeb OMNI database 1-min resolution data. The TIEGCM model was set with 1.25 deg resolution in latitude and longitude and 0.25 vertical scale height with 5s step size matching the GAMERA input.

Authors=Debnath, Subhajit; Das, Uma
Title=120-day variability in migrating tides from CMAM30 winds, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106230, ID=27607429
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:spdf, omni, omniweb, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The current work and the Authors were supported by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a statutory body of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, through Early Career Research Award (ECRA) grant ECR/2017/002258 .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The current work and the Authors were supported by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a statutory body of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, through Early Career Research Award (ECRA) grant ECR/2017/002258 .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The authors thank the Canadian Space Agency for providing free access to CMAM30 wind data ( https://climate-modelling.canada.ca/climatemodeldata/cmam/output/CMAM/CMAM30-SD/index.shtml ). The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgements The authors thank the Canadian Space Agency for providing free access to CMAM30 wind data ( https://climate-modelling.canada.ca/climatemodeldata/cmam/output/CMAM/CMAM30-SD/index.shtml ). The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The current work and the Authors were supported by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a statutory body of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, through Early Career Research Award (ECRA) grant ECR/2017/002258 .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =To investigate the solar origin, we performed the wavelet analysis of the solar flux index at 10.7 (F10.7 index) from 1979 to 2010 obtained from OMNIweb ( King and Papitashvili, 2005 ). Fig. 9 shows the wavelet spectrogram in the top panel for the solar F10.7 data shown in the bottom panel, which is a measure of the radio emissions from the Sun at the wavelength of 10.7 cm.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =SSI is obtained using data from SOLARIS-HEPPA website and the F10.7 cm index is taken from the International Reference Ionosphere 2007 model ( Bilitza and Reinisch, 2008 ). Further, CMAM30 model also includes tidal forcing due to radiative heating, convective processes, and latent heat release from the lower atmosphere ( Scinocca and McFarlane, 2004 ).

Authors=Silva, G. B. D.; Alves, L. R.; Espinosa, K. V.; Souza, V. M.; da Silva, L. A.; Costa, J. E. R.; Padua, M. B.; Sanchez, S. A.
Title=Evaluation of dB/dt amplitudes and sources over the Brazilian region during geomagnetic storms in the 2021-2022 biennium, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106196, ID=27841287
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Further, the solar wind pressure data used were obtained through OMNI database ( King and Papitashvili, 2005 ). Thus, Fig. 9 shows a low correlation for the four chosen stations, including ISLL at high latitude.

Authors=Li, Linlin; Jin, Shuanggen
Title=Ionospheric behaviors and characteristics in Asian sector during the April 2023 geomagnetic storm with multi-instruments observations, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106238, ID=27841289
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The time resolution is 15min and the data are available in the Data Centre for Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project. 6) Space weather parameters like sunspot number, F 10.7 , Kp, Dst, Ap, and other ACE data are available on Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ). 2.2 Methods Fig. 2 illustrates the ground-based multi-instruments locations employed in the analysis of the ionospheric disturbance characteristics following the geomagnetic storm.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The SSN, F 10.7 , Kp, Dst, Ap and other ACE data are provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA's) Space Physics Data Facility via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . GNSS observation data are from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The SSN, F 10.7 , Kp, Dst, Ap and other ACE data are provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA's) Space Physics Data Facility via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . GNSS observation data are from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The SSN, F 10.7 , Kp, Dst, Ap and other ACE data are provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA's) Space Physics Data Facility via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . GNSS observation data are from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The SSN, F 10.7 , Kp, Dst, Ap and other ACE data are provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA's) Space Physics Data Facility via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . GNSS observation data are from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC).

Authors=Kumar, Akash; Sunil Krishna, M. V.; Ranjan, Alok Kumar; Bender, Stefan; Sinnhuber, Miriam; Sarkhel, Sumanta
Title=Influence of temperature changes and vertically transported trace species on the structure of MLT region during major SSW events, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106243, ID=28584580
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:iri
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The online-run facility for NRLMSISE-00 and IRI-2016 models are also available at https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The oxygen molecule ion (O 2 + ) concentration is obtained from the IRI model. The facility of online-run for NRLMSISE-00 and IRI-2016 models to get data is also available at https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Pappoe, Justice Allotey; Akimasa, Yoshikawa; Kandil, Ali; Mahrous, Ayman
Title=Machine learning techniques for estimation of Pc5 geomagnetic pulsations observed at geostationary orbits during solar cycle 23, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106258, ID=29019966
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgement Our special thanks go to the hardworking operators of the OMNI Web database for providing real time data of the solar wind parameters to the general public for scientific use.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We retrieved the high-cadence (1-min) resolution data of the solar wind parameters from the OMNI Web database from 2000 to 2009 forming part of solar cycle 23. The solar wind parameters retrieved were: B z and the V x component of the solar wind speed all in the GSE system, proton density, flow pressure, and plasma beta.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =The dataset used in this study is the vector magnetic field measurements retrieved from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-10 (GOES-10) and the solar wind parameters: Bz and Vx component of the solar wind in the Geocentric Solar Ecliptic (GSE) coordinate system, proton density, flow pressure, and plasma beta obtained from the OMNI Web database during part of solar cycle 23. Pc5 geomagnetic pulsations were extracted from the toroidal component of the magnetic field time series using a bandpass Butterworth filter.

Authors=Kayode, Yusuf Olanrewaju; Okoh, Daniel; Onori, Eugene Oghenakpobor; Ometan, Oluwafunmilayo Oluwayemisi; Adegbola, Rafiu Bolaji; Ogwala, Aghogho; Somoye, Emmanuel Olufemi; Adeniji-Adele, Rasaq Adewemimo
Title=Effects of local time on the variations of the total electron contents at an American and Asian longitudes and their comparison with IRI-2016, IRI-Plas2017 and NeQuick-2 models during solar cycle 24, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106271, ID=29072342
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Also, equation (3) was used to convert hourly TEC values of IRI-2016, IRI-Plas 2017 and NeQuick-2 models to monthly TEC values. The hourly values of GPS-TEC, IRI-2016, IRI-Plas 2017 and NeQuick-2 were used to study the diurnal variations in TEC.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =This research paper aims to study the longitudinal variations and the effects of local time on the total electron content (TEC) recorded in two different sectors (Asia and America) during the ascending, maximum and descending phases of solar cycle 24 (2011-2017) and also to compare its values to IRI-2016, IRI-Plas2017 and NeQuick-2 models in order to evaluate their performances.
Sample usage ( TITLE ) =Effects of local time on the variations of the total electron contents at an American and Asian longitudes and their comparison with IRI-2016, IRI-Plas2017 and NeQuick-2 models during solar cycle 24
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Among the most commonly used ionospheric models in space research is the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). This model is a global model developed by the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) ( Bilitza, 2001 , 2004 ; Bilitza and Reinisch, 2008 ).

Authors=Bulusu, Jayashree; Barde, Vasundhara; Nayak, Chinmaya; Vichare, G.; Dimri, A. P.
Title=Impact of geomagnetic activity on stratosphere and upper troposphere, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106287, ID=29155362
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The authors thank MERRA-2 of NASA for the availability of atmospheric wind parameters. Authors thank CDAWeb portal for the geomagnetic activity indices.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AL and PC indices are obtained from the OMNI web portal of CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), Geomagnetic AE index (Nose.et al., 2015; https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy/index.html and https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), The Disturbance storm time index (DsT) is estimated using 4 geomagnetic observatories from low latitude and is provided on hourly basis ( Nose et al., 2015 ). ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dstae/index.html and https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AL and PC indices are obtained from the OMNI web portal of CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), Geomagnetic AE index (Nose.et al., 2015; https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy/index.html and https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), The Disturbance storm time index (DsT) is estimated using 4 geomagnetic observatories from low latitude and is provided on hourly basis ( Nose et al., 2015 ). ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dstae/index.html and https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Despirak, Irina; Setsko, Pavel; Lubchich, Andris; Hajra, Rajkumar; Sakharov, Yaroslav; Lakhina, Gurbax; Selivanov, Vasiliy; Tsurutani, Bruce Tsatnam
Title=Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) during strong geomagnetic activity (storms, substorms, and magnetic pulsations) on 23-24 April 2023, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.10629310.48550/arXiv.2312.15976, ID=29238793
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the creators of the OMNI databases ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ), the SuperMAG network ( http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ ), the MIRACLE system ( https://space.fmi.fi/MIRACLE/ ) for the ability to use them in our work.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters, SYM/H and ASY/H indexes are taken from the CDAWeb data service ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). 3 Results 3.1 Solar wind and geomagnetic conditions Solar wind and IMF parameters for the period from 00 UT on 23 April to 24 UT on April 24, 2023 are shown in Fig. 2 .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the creators of the OMNI databases ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ), the SuperMAG network ( http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ ), the MIRACLE system ( https://space.fmi.fi/MIRACLE/ ) for the ability to use them in our work.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the creators of the OMNI databases ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ), the SuperMAG network ( http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ ), the MIRACLE system ( https://space.fmi.fi/MIRACLE/ ) for the ability to use them in our work.

Authors=Ansari, Kutubuddin; Walo, Janusz; Sagir, Selcuk; Wezka, Kinga
Title=Empirical orthogonal function based modelling of ionosphere using Turkish GNSS network, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106294, ID=29238794
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omniweb, iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In the current study, we also used the solar and geomagnetic indices data such as the Dst Index, F10.7, Ap Index, IMF-B, Kp Index, and sunspot number (R) including the tropospheric wind speed accessed from the server of NASA ( omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). Including. These indices are used to measure the geomagnetic activity, for the signature of the ionospheric response and magnetosphere of the Earth to solar forcing.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Their many techniques and forecasting models have been developed such as quasi-experimental model (IRI, IRI Plus, NeQuick2) and theoretical hypothetical models such as Auto-regressive Moving Average, Empirical Orthogonal Function and others ( Bilitza et al., 2017 ; Jakowski et al., 2011 ; Nigussie et al., 2012 ; Tuna et al., 2014 ; Zhang and Moore, 2015 ; Ansari et al., 2019 ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The accuracy of the EOF model was validated by the evaluation of observational TEC data with International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) 2012 models. The EOF model coefficients for each GNSS station showed a strong correlation with the IRI models and also described the correlation between the impacts of the level of geomagnetic activity on the ionosphere.

Authors=Rajput, Mini; P. R., Shreedevi; Choudhary, R. K.; Ramatheerthan, Sunil Kumar
Title=Exploring ionospheric plasma density trends in the Indian equatorial crest region under varying solar activity conditions, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106266, ID=29238802
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb, omniweb, iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors also thank NASA/GSFC CDAWeb team for the F10.7 cm flux data and the WDC-C2 (Kyoto) for the International Quiet Days. These data sets are available at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , and http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp . This work was supported by Japan Society of Promotion of Science (JSPS) grant 22F22022 .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The authors also thank NASA/GSFC CDAWeb team for the F10.7 cm flux data and the WDC-C2 (Kyoto) for the International Quiet Days. These data sets are available at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , and http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp . This work was supported by Japan Society of Promotion of Science (JSPS) grant 22F22022 .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For the present study, 10.7 cm solar flux values have been downloaded from the site https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html. 3 Results and discussion We analyzed 9 years of GPS TEC data from Hyderabad for the period 20042009 and 20112013 to study the ionospheric variabilities over the anomaly region in the Indian sector.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The data used in this study can be made available on request to Raj Kumar Choudhary ( r a j k u m a r _ c h o u d h a r y @ v s s c . g o v . i n ). The authors also thank the IRI 2016 model developers for the IRI TEC data. This version of IRI-2016 is accessible online at https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/modelweb/models/iri2016_vitmo.php .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =A study by Bhuyan and Borah (2007) comparing GPS-TEC with the IRI model in the Indian ionospheric sector revealed that the IRI overestimates TEC at almost all local times.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =The study also assessed the performance of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) 2016 model in reproducing GPS TEC variability at the equatorial crest region. The diurnal and seasonal variation patterns in IRI-TEC show a good correlation with GPS TEC. However, the IRI 2016 model tends to overestimate TEC values during low solar activity conditions (2006-2009) but represents TEC variations reasonably well during high solar activity periods (2011-2013). Nevertheless, the IRI model fails to capture the wide plateau-like structure in the peak TEC, typically occurring between 1200-1600 IST at Hyderabad.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =One of the most valuable models in this context is the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI), which comprehensively analyzes the global distribution of Total Electron Content (TEC) and compensates for the lack of plasma density measurements in various regions.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =The study also assessed the performance of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) 2016 model in reproducing GPS TEC variability at the equatorial crest region.

Authors=Husin, Asnawi; Harjosuwito, Jiyo; Anggarani, Sefria; Dear, Varuliantor; Faturahman, Agri; Pradipta, Rezy
Title=Ionospheric effects during the total solar eclipse over South-East Asia-Pacific on 9 March 2016, Part 2: Total electron content reduction and fluctuation patterns, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106295, ID=29535171
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:iri
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The dashed blue curves indicate the uncertainty bounds in the normal-day TEC level, estimated as twice the amount of day-to-day variability found in the IRI-2012 model runs for the 18 March 2016 period. The time interval of the solar eclipse is marked with a horizontal line segment along the time axis in each panel.

Authors=Hou, Daimian; Liu, Fuzhen; Peng, Hai; Gu, Yanchao; Tang, Guodong
Title=Temporal convolutional network construction and analysis of single-station TEC model, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106309, ID=29535178
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Long short term memory (LSTM) based networks is built and be found superior to international reference ionosphere 2016 (IRI2016) and BPNN models ( Wen et al., 2021 ).

Authors=Foroodi, Zahra; Alizadeh, M. Mahdi; Amerian, Yazdan; Schuh, Harald
Title=Early detection of Tonga volcanic-eruption from internal gravity wave effects on ionosphere, using satellite geodetic techniques, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106310, ID=29535181
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank GEONET network in New Zealand (GEONET, https://data.geonet.org.nz/gnss/rinex/ ); COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center ( http://cdaac-www.cosmic.ucar.edu ); European Space Agency (ESA, https://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int ); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/ ); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission ( http://www.ioc-sealevelmonitoring.org ); archives of Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ); and International GNSS Service ( https://igs.org ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F10.7, Kp, and Ap indices are available ( http://omniweb .gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html). Fig. 3 shows the geomagnetic activity level from 14 to 16 January 2022. 3 Results 3.1 Characteristics of IGWs and tsunami waves Fig. 4 shows the time sequences of two-dimensional maps of filtered 2 TEC values from all the selected GNSS stations between 4:30 UT and 15:30 UT on the 15th January 2022, with an hour interval.

Authors=Karapetyan, T.; Chilingarian, A.; Hovsepyan, G.; Martoyan, H.; Sargsyan, B.; Langer, R.; Chum, J.; Nikolova, N.; Angelov, Hristo; Haas, Diana; Knapp, Johannes; Walter, Michael; Ploc, Ondrej; Slegl, Jakub; Kakona, Martin; Ambrozova, Iva
Title=The Forbush decrease observed by the SEVAN particle detector network in the 25th solar activity cycle, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106305, ID=29607873
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In the present study, we have used Internet-based Operating missions as nodes on the Internet web system (OMNI, https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ). We obtain the interplanetary magnetic field B and southward component Bz from the WIND satellite magnetometer via the OMNI system.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In the present study, we have used Internet-based Operating missions as nodes on the Internet web system (OMNI, https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ). We obtain the interplanetary magnetic field B and southward component Bz from the WIND satellite magnetometer via the OMNI system.

Authors=Haider, Syed Faizan; Shah, Munawar; Alarifi, Nassir Saad; Abukhadra, Mostafa R.
Title=The 2023 Mw 6.8 Morocco earthquake induced atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106323, ID=30678866
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In this paper, geomagnetic indices data is retrieved from OMNIWeb via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html (retrieved on October 25, 2023).

Authors=Asmare Tariku, Yekoye
Title=Pattern of variation of TEC, hmF2 and foF2, and their correlation during the geomagnetic storm time conditions, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106325, ID=30678941
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omniweb, iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The author is very grateful to GIRO, UNAVCO, IONOLAB and NASA for providing their digisonde ( https://giro.uml.edu/didbase/scaled.php ), GPS ( https://www.unavco.org/data/gps-gnss/file-server/file-server.html ), online IRI-Plas 2017 ( http://www.ionolab.org/iriplasonline /) and online IRI 2016 ( https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/modelweb/models/iri2016_vitmo.php ), solar and geomagnetic indices ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) data, respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgements The author is very grateful to GIRO, UNAVCO, IONOLAB and NASA for providing their digisonde ( https://giro.uml.edu/didbase/scaled.php ), GPS ( https://www.unavco.org/data/gps-gnss/file-server/file-server.html ), online IRI-Plas 2017 ( http://www.ionolab.org/iriplasonline /) and online IRI 2016 ( https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/modelweb/models/iri2016_vitmo.php ), solar and geomagnetic indices ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) data, respectively.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements The author is very grateful to GIRO, UNAVCO, IONOLAB and NASA for providing their digisonde ( https://giro.uml.edu/didbase/scaled.php ), GPS ( https://www.unavco.org/data/gps-gnss/file-server/file-server.html ), online IRI-Plas 2017 ( http://www.ionolab.org/iriplasonline /) and online IRI 2016 ( https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/modelweb/models/iri2016_vitmo.php ), solar and geomagnetic indices ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) data, respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Besides, the International Reference Ionosphere 2016(IRI 2016) and IRI extended to the Plasmasphere 2017(IRI-Plas 2017) models were also considered to see the variation of the described parameters and test their performance.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =This is carried out employing the observations (co-located Global Positioning System (GPS) and digisonde) and empirical models (International Reference Ionosphere, IRI, 2016 and IRI-extended to the Plasmasphere, IRI-Plas, 2017) in the low-to-high latitudes during relatively similar intense level geomagnetic storms that occurred during the high solar activity (February 19, 2014) and low solar activity (September 08, 2017). The GPS-derived TEC and digisonde-derived TEC, hmF2 and foF2 variabilities show large fluctuations on most of the stations when compared to the IRI 2016 and IRI-Plas 2017 variations. Moreover, the highest GPS-derived TEC values are observed when the hmF2 values reach in the ranges of about 270-309 km (low latitude), 203-266 km (mid latitude) and 259-311 km (high latitude) regions.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The GPS TEC data calibration technique developed by the Gopi Seemala (2017) has been used to get the GPS-derived TEC. Besides, the International Reference Ionosphere 2016(IRI 2016) and IRI extended to the Plasmasphere 2017(IRI-Plas 2017) models were also considered to see the variation of the described parameters and test their performance.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =This is carried out employing the observations (co-located Global Positioning System (GPS) and digisonde) and empirical models (International Reference Ionosphere, IRI, 2016 and IRI-extended to the Plasmasphere, IRI-Plas, 2017) in the low-to-high latitudes during relatively similar intense level geomagnetic storms that occurred during the high solar activity (February 19, 2014) and low solar activity (September 08, 2017).

Authors=Chernogor, Leonid F.; Holub, Mariia Yu.; Rozumenko, Victor T.
Title=Main features of the geomagnetic effect of the October 14, 2023 annular solar eclipse in the Americas, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106354, ID=31160093
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omniweb, iri
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . We are grateful to Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC) and Jean Meeus freely available at https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEdecade/SEdecade2021.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . We are grateful to Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC) and Jean Meeus freely available at https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEdecade/SEdecade2021.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . We are grateful to Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC) and Jean Meeus freely available at https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEdecade/SEdecade2021.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Use has been made of both the data retrieved from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html (last access: January 17, 2024) and the results of original calculations.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Use was made of a model of the electron density N 0 , based on the IRI model with allowance for the disturbance of the ionosphere, the magnetometer locations, and the time of the day the observations were made. 7 Discussion Non-Sinusoidal Perturbations .

Authors=Tinsley, Brian A.
Title=The influence of the solar wind electric and magnetic fields on the latitude and temporal variations of the current density, JZ, of the global electric circuit, with relevance to weather and climate, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106355, ID=31234428
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =As emphasized in Tinsley (2022) the solar wind is a non-stationary entity, as can be seen in time series of solar wind parameters from NASA OMNI data, and from samples of daily and 27-day averages of N and S over the past eleven solar cycles as in this paper.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Using the expressions (A1) through (A11) and that for the seasonal variation a time series of daily average values of N and S can be generated from time series of daily average of the solar wind parameters B Y , B Z , and V SW , obtainable from the NASA OMNI2 web site (the URL for which is given in the Data Availability Statement).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind data is from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The Alert irradiance data is from: . The B Y and Ap data are from NASA/GSFC: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html . The reanalysis pressure data is from the NOAA website https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html .

Authors=Barde, Vasundhara; Bulusu, Jayashree; Dimri, A. P.
Title=Long-term geomagnetic activities and stratospheric winter temperature, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106361, ID=31298912
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indices such as Auroral Electrojet (AE) index, Disturbance storm time (Dst) index and kp index data are taken from CDAweb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html . For the long term solar impact on stratospheric temperature SSN data and 20th Century Reanalysis version-3 datasets used.

Authors=Abubakar, Sani; Okoh, Daniel; Tijjani, Bello Idris; Said, Rabia Salihu
Title=Speed and accuracy investigations of neural network algorithms for ionospheric modelling at an equatorial region, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106365, ID=31298915
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omniweb, iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Dst and F10.7 indices were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The authors also appreciate the IRI ( https://irimodel.org/ ) and the NeQuick ( https://t-ict4d.ictp.it/nequick2 ) for making their models available.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Hourly Dst and F10.7 indices used were obtained from the OMNIWeb of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). 2.2 Inputs for the neural network training The parameters considered as inputs for the neural network training include altitude (alt), latitude (lat), longitude (lon), hour of day (hr), day of the year (doy), solar flux at 10.7cm wavelength (F10.7), and the disturbance storm time (Dst) index.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Dst and F10.7 indices were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The authors also appreciate the IRI ( https://irimodel.org/ ) and the NeQuick ( https://t-ict4d.ictp.it/nequick2 ) for making their models available.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Two popular ionospheric models are the International Reference Ionosphere, IRI ( Bilitza, 2001 ; Bilitza and Reinisch, 2008 ; Bilitza et al., 2011 , 2022 ), and the NeQuick ( Nava et al., 2008 ).
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =A comparison of the neural network, the NeQuick, and the IRI model predictions relative to the ionosonde measurements indicate that the neural network model was the best-performing model; the NN model predictions minimized the mean absolute errors (MAEs) in ~44% of 399 ionosonde profiles investigated, the IRI model did so in ~32%, and the NeQuick did so in ~24%.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Two popular ionospheric models are the International Reference Ionosphere, IRI ( Bilitza, 2001 ; Bilitza and Reinisch, 2008 ; Bilitza et al., 2011 , 2022 ), and the NeQuick ( Nava et al., 2008 ).

Authors=Ji, Eun-Young; Moon, Yong-Jae; Kwak, Young-Sil; Yi, Kangwoo; Kim, Jeong-Heon
Title=Construction of global IGS-3D electron density (Ne) model by deep learning, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106370, ID=31513956
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments This work was supported by The Korea Astronomy and Space science Institute under the RD program (Project No. 2024-1-850-02 ) supervised by the Ministry of Science and ICT, Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion(IITP) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP) (RS-2023-00234488, Development of solar synoptic magnetograms using deep learning, 15%), BK21 FOUR program through National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under Ministry of Education (MoE) (Kyung Hee University, Human Education Team for the Next Generation of Space Exploration). The IRI-2016 model source code in Fortran was obtained from the IRI homepage ( http://www.irimodel.org/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IRI model is an empirical model based on a global range of ground and space data.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =In this process, we use the vertical electron density profiles and the corresponding TEC values of the IRI-2016 model from 2001 to 2008 for training, 2009 and 2014 for validation, and 2010 to 2013 for a test.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The most representative global 3-D electron density model is the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model ( Bilitza, 2001 ; Bilitza and Reinisch, 2008 ; Bilitza et al., 2017 , 2022 ).

Authors=Chakraborty, Sumanjit; Datta, Abhirup
Title=On the low-latitude ionospheric irregularities under geomagnetically active and quiet conditions using NavIC observables: A spectral analysis approach, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.10636910.48550/arXiv.2410.10386, ID=31598759
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Further acknowledgments go to the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto at https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kp/index.html for the K p index and the SPDF OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ , for the high-resolution (1-min) IMF B z , V s w , s w , and the SYM-H data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Further acknowledgments go to the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto at https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kp/index.html for the K p index and the SPDF OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ , for the high-resolution (1-min) IMF B z , V s w , s w , and the SYM-H data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Further acknowledgments go to the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto at https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kp/index.html for the K p index and the SPDF OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ , for the high-resolution (1-min) IMF B z , V s w , s w , and the SYM-H data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Further acknowledgments go to the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto at https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kp/index.html for the K p index and the SPDF OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ , for the high-resolution (1-min) IMF B z , V s w , s w , and the SYM-H data.

Authors=Ogunjo, Samuel; Akinsusi, Joshua; Rabiu, Babatunde; Fuwape, Ibiyinka
Title=Dynamical complexity and multifractal analysis of geomagnetic activities at high temporal scales over three solar cycles, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106380, ID=31598762
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The 5min averaged data of geomagnetic indices (SYM-H) were obtained from the archives of OMNI database for three solar cycles - 22, 23 and 24 via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements Thanks to Nasa OMNIWeb for providing a database for the geomagnetic indices (SYMH) data that was used for this study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The 5min averaged data of geomagnetic indices (SYM-H) were obtained from the archives of OMNI database for three solar cycles - 22, 23 and 24 via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Data for solar cycle 22 is between September 1986 to August 1996, solar cycle 23 is from August 1996 to December 2008, and cycle 24 is from December 2008 to December 2019. 2.2 Nonlinear tools The tools that were used to explore the chaotic behaviour of the SMY-H time series are the Hurst exponent, sample entropy, Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension.

Authors=Hiyadutuje, Alicreance; Kosch, Michael J.; Habarulema, John Bosco; Chen, Xiangcai; Stephenson, Judy A. E.; Matamba, Tshimangadzo Merline; Tshisaphungo, Mpho
Title=Observation of sporadic E layer altitude partially modulated by the Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances at high latitudes over Zhongshan station, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106377, ID=31633152
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:spdf, omni, omniweb, iri
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Magnetic Indices Data were obtained through the Kyoto and SPDF-OMNI website https://wdc.kugi.kyot-u.ac.jp/aedir/ (Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) indices) and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html (IMF data).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Magnetic Indices Data were obtained through the Kyoto and SPDF-OMNI website https://wdc.kugi.kyot-u.ac.jp/aedir/ (Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) indices) and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html (IMF data).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Magnetic Indices Data were obtained through the Kyoto and SPDF-OMNI website https://wdc.kugi.kyot-u.ac.jp/aedir/ (Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) indices) and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html (IMF data).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Magnetic Indices Data were obtained through the Kyoto and SPDF-OMNI website https://wdc.kugi.kyot-u.ac.jp/aedir/ (Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) indices) and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html (IMF data).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Magnetic Indices Data were obtained through the Kyoto and SPDF-OMNI website https://wdc.kugi.kyot-u.ac.jp/aedir/ (Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) indices) and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html (IMF data). NRLMSIS 2.0 model data are found at https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/models/NRLMSIS2.0/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Magnetic Indices Data were obtained through the Kyoto and SPDF-OMNI website https://wdc.kugi.kyot-u.ac.jp/aedir/ (Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) indices) and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html (IMF data). NRLMSIS 2.0 model data are found at https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/models/NRLMSIS2.0/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors would also like to acknowledge the NRLMSIS 2.0, HWM14, ionospheric conductivity, SuperDARN ray tracing and International Ionospheric (IRI) model developers. We thank Dr Bharat.S.R Kunduri and Dr Carley Martin for their support in producing the SuperDARN ray tracing plots used in this study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The HF ray tracing relies on the statistical empirical IRI model ( Kunduri et al., 2022 ). This directly affects the altitude of the HF ray in the F -region ionosphere and the Pedersen conductivity estimate, which both directly affect the MSTID polarization electric field estimate.

Authors=Maghrabi, Abdullrahman; Alghamdi, Mayson
Title=Differential responses of total ozone content to solar activity parameters at two Saudi Arabian locations, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106379, ID=31963956
journal=Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Keywords found:spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The solar indices, F10.7cm, sunspot numbers, were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , we acknowledge the SPDF OMNIWeb database as the source of data used in this research study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar indices, F10.7cm, sunspot numbers, were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , we acknowledge the SPDF OMNIWeb database as the source of data used in this research study.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The solar indices, F10.7cm, sunspot numbers, were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , we acknowledge the SPDF OMNIWeb database as the source of data used in this research study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar indices, F10.7cm, sunspot numbers, were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , we acknowledge the SPDF OMNIWeb database as the source of data used in this research study.